Selected Chapters of Biology and Chemistry

The course describes in details the following concepts: the enzymes, fundamental of nutrition biochemistry, the respiratory chain, carbohydrates as cellular fuels, lipid digestion and inter-organ transport, cellular amino acids and glycogen store. This course includes a description of main properties of enzymes, metabolic and catabolic processes in the cell, proteins, lipids and carbohydrates structures and function in cells. The course describes in detail the principles of metabolic control, cell homeostasis, nutrient functions and requirements, overview of metabolism and energetic strategies in human cells, the mitochondrial electron transport chain functioning and control, oxidative phosphorylation, carbohydrates, lipid digestion, cellular amino acids and glycogen store. The significant part of the course is devoted to the description of kinetics of biochemical reactions, kinetics of enzyme reactions and the basic principles and mechanisms of protein functionalization. Protein folding and proteostasis processes are described. Phosphorylation is described as one of the important ways to regulate the activity of proteins. An understanding of the basic the structure and functions of proteins, fats and carbohydrates, is necessary for planning experiments with nanomaterials for biomedical use.

The purpose of studying the course is the mastery of the basic information and principles of kinetics of biochemical reactions, kinetics of enzyme reactions and of the basic the structure and functions of proteins, fats and carbohydrates for further use by other disciplines of natural science content.

Dr. Maxim A. Abakumov, assoc. professor, National Research Technological University «MISiS»,  Russian National Research Medical University